Environmental Polution

 

What types of pollution are common in Malaysia?

What are the causes.Which types of pollution is most serious in your country?

Punca-punca pencemaran air/The causes of water pollution

1. pembuangan sampah sarap/solid waste

Punca utama pencemaran air ialah pembuangan sampah dari kawasan perumahan di sepanjang sungai, tepi tasik dan laut. Tindakan tidak bertanggungjawab penduduk terutama penghuni perumahan setinggan yang membuang sampah sarap telah menyebabkan pencemaran air yang serius.

The main cause of water pollution is garbage from residential areas along the river, lake and sea. Irresponsible housing residents, especially slum inmate who throw rubbish has caused serious water pollution.

2.sisa toksid dari sektor kilang/Toxic waste from the factory

Antara punca utama pencemaran air sungai ialah pembuangan sisa toksid dari kilang. Contohnya kilang getah dan kilang kelapa sawit. Kilang memproses getah dan minyak kelapa sawit juga menjadi punca kepada pencemaran air di sungai-sungai di Malaysia. Sisa toksik telah dialirkan ke dalam longkang, parit, terusan dan seterusnya ke dalam sungai.

Among the main causes of pollution of river water is toxic waste from the plant. For example, rubber factories and mills. Rubber processing plants and palm oil is also a source of water pollution in rivers in Malaysia. Toxic waste has been discharged into drains, ditches, canals and into the river.

3.sisa domestik/domestic waste

Air kumbahan dari kawasan perumahan terutamanya kawasan perumahan setinggan sering dialirkan ke sungai yang berhampiran. Penggunaan tandas tradisional yang menjadikan sungai sebagai tempat pembuangan najis juga menyumbang kepada pencemaran air sungai.

Wastewater from residential areas particularly slum neighborhoods are often discharged into a nearby river. Traditional toilets that use the river as waste disposal also contribute to the pollution of river water.

4.aktiviti pembinaan/construction activities

Aktiviti pembinaan seperti kawasan perumahan yang berhampiran sungai juga menyumbang kepada pencemaran ini. Tanah lumpur akan memasuki sungai terutamanya ketika hujan lebat. Ini telah menyebabkan sungai tercemar dengan lumpur

Construction activities such as a residential area near the river also contribute to pollution. Mud will enter the river especially during heavy rains. This has resulted in contaminated river mud

5. Aktivitipembangunan tanah dan sumber asli melibatkan pembukaan kawasan penempatan dan pertanian baru, pembalakan, pembinaan infrastruktur fizikal seperti jalan raya,pembangunan bandar dan pembinaan projek-projek fizikal seperti perumahan danperindustrian. Semua aktiviti ini menimbulkan masalah hakisan tanah yang mencemar airsungai dari segi kandungan bahan terampai, warna, kekeruhan, bahan organik danmasalah pemendapan sungai.

activities development of land and natural resources involves opening residential areas and new agriculture, logging, construction of physical infrastructure such as roads,urban development and the construction of physical projects such as housing and industrial. All these activities create problems of soil erosion that pollute water river suspension in content, color, turbidity, organic matter and river sedimentation problems.

6.Penggunaan racun serangga dan baja kimia secara berlebihan di dalam kegiatan pertanian dapat mencemarkan kualiti air dan seterusnya menyebabkan berlakunya pencemaran sungai.

The use of pesticides and chemical fertilizers in excess in agricultural activities can pollute water quality and causing river pollution.

7.Kebanyakkan sampah sarap yang dicampakkan ke dalam sungai adalah seperti tin kosong, kertas, plastik dan pelbagai sisa makanan. Sampah sarap tersebut mempunyai pelbagai bahan kimia yang boleh menjejaskan kualiti air sungai di samping mendatangkan bau yang kurang menyenangkan kepada persekitaran.

Most of the rubbish thrown into the river as empty cans, paper, plastic and food waste. Rubbish have various chemicals that can affect water quality as well as unpleasant odors cause to the environment.